External publications

Using PDIA to improve waste management in Amman

Kornprobst, Tim Lukas / Roll, Michael / Becker, Adin et al.
External Publications (2025)

Cambridge, MA: Harvard Kennedy School, Building State Capability

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In 2022, the Greater Amman Municipality (GAM) faced a growing waste crisis. The city’s rapid growth and population size had significantly outpaced its waste management infrastructure. However, public management reforms to improve the situation proved difficult. Advised by GIZ Jordan in cooperation with IDOS, GAM used the Problem Driven Iterative Adaptation (PDIA) approach. A remarkable three-year transformation took place that not only improved waste collection efficiency, but fundamentally changed the way departments collaborated across GAM’s large bureaucracy.

To learn more about PDIA, visit https://bsc.hks.harvard.edu/.

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