South Asia in the changing global order: the case for a bioregional approach
Banerjee, AparajitaMitarbeiter sonstige (2026)
in: Mark Furness / Niels Keijzer (eds.), International development cooperation and the emerging global order, Bonn: German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), 51-54
ISBN: 978-3-96021-288-1
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23661/idp4.2026
South Asia, home to around 2 billion people, is one of the world’s most densely populated regions. The region comprises eight countries that differ widely in terms of economic development, Human Development Index rankings and geopolitical power. The region as a whole has recorded economic growth of around 5-6 per cent, with Nepal and Afghanistan as exceptions. Similarly, whereas Sri Lanka and the Maldives rank in the high human development category, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan fall into the medium category, while Pakistan remains in the low category. Geopolitically, India is considered a great power, on par with most G7 countries, though not with the United States (IEP, 2026). However, India’s relations with some of its neighbours – including China, which borders South Asia and is a major global power – are often volatile due to border disputes, to the detriment of long-term regional peace and prosperity. Some of the deep mistrust between neighbours in the region is a legacy of colonial rule, which political leaders continue to repackage for electoral purposes. To promote long-term regional peace and prosperity in a changing global order, it is essential to focus on shared interests rather than only on differences. Looking at the common threads and finding ways to strengthen them is also crucial for increasing regional trade, managing climate change and securing world peace, given that the nuclear weapon states of India and Pakistan are often at war. In addition, this region is home to one of the youngest populations in the world, one that is highly mobile and ambitious. Their perceptions of their place in the world differ greatly from those of older generations. International development cooperation in the region therefore needs to be agile, at eye level and innovative to align with citizens’ dreams and aspirations.