Berger, Axel
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Dr. Axel Berger
Department
Directors
Function
Deputy Director (interim)
Specialization
Political Science
Work areas
- International Investment Agreements
- Free Trade Agreements
- Global Value Chains
- G20
- Implementation of the Agenda 2030
Regional expertise
- Africa
- East Asia
Responsibilities in education and training
- Global Economic Governance (MGG Academy, Postgraduate Training Programme)
- International Political Economy (Bonn University)
Vita
| since 4/2022 | German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS) (until 6/2022 German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)) Deputy Director (interim) |
| 1/2018-3/2022 | German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) Researcher, Research Programme "Transformation of Economic and Social Systems" |
| 2011-12/2017 | German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) Researcher Department "World Economy and Development Financing" |
| 2009-2011 | German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) Researcher Department "Training" |
| 2007-2008 | German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) Researcher Assistant to the Director on European Development Policy and China’s Environmental Policy |
| 2007 | Adelphi Consult Project Manager Corporate social responsibility, European environmental policy and environmental management systems |
| 2007 | German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) / InWEnt Participant of the Managing Global Governance Programme Project study: "China and the global governance of foreign direct investment" |
| 2006 | Adelphi Consult Research Assistant / Project Manager Corporate social responsibility and environmental management systems |
| 2000-2005 | Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Master of Arts Political Science, Economics and Modern History |
Refereed Publications
- Berger, Axel / Manjiao Chi (2025)
Introduction: Law, Politics, and Economics of International Disciplines on Investment Facilitation for Development
in: Axel Berger / Manjiao Chi (eds.), The making of an International Investment Facilitation Framework: legal, political and economic perspectives: Cambridge University Press, 1-12 - Berger, Axel / Florian Gitt / Ali Dadkhah (2025)
Domestic Investment Facilitation Frameworks: measuring their extent and variation
in: Axel Berger / Manjiao Chi (eds.), The making of an International Investment Facilitation Framework: legal, political and economic perspectives: Cambridge University Press, 15-45 - Berger, Axel / Manjiao Chi (eds.) (2025)
The making of an International Investment Facilitation Framework: legal, political and economic perspectives
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press - Hornidge, Anna-Katharina / Axel Berger (2023)
Why “South”/“North” framings are not useful in a shifting world order
in: CEBRI Journal 2 (8), 217-237 - Berger, Axel / Sait Akman / Bozkurt Aran / Carlos P. Braga / Rajeev Kher / Douglas Lippoldt / Stormy-Annika Mildner / Arun Nair / Claudia Schmucker / Maarten Smeets (2023)
Reforming the WTO through inclusive and development-friendly plurilaterals
in: Journal of World Trade 57 (6), 875-888 - Berger, Axel (2023)
China’s International investment agreement policy: from rule-taker to rule-maker?
in: Henry Gao / Damian Raess / Ka Zeng (eds.), China and the WTO: a Twenty-Year Assessment, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 452-467 - Berger, Axel / Manjiao Chi / Bernard Hoekman / Makane Moïse Mbengue / Karl P. Sauvant / Matthew Stephenson (2021)
Facilitating sustainable investment to build back better
in: Journal of World Trade 5 (6), 883 – 894 - Stender, Frederik / Axel Berger / Clara Brandi / Jakob Schwab (2021)
The trade effects of the economic partnership agreements between the European Union and the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States: Early Empirical insights from panel data
in: Journal of Common Market Studies 59 (6), 1495-1515 - Berge, Tarald Laudal / Axel Berger (2021)
Do investor-state dispute settlement cases influence domestic environmental regulation? The role of respondent state bureaucratic capacity
in: Journal of International Dispute Settlement 12 (1), 1-41 - Berger, Axel / Wan-Hsin Liu (2021)
Can the G20 serve as a launchpad for a multilateral investment agreement?
in: The World Economy 44 (8), 2284-2302 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi / Jean-Frédéric Morin / Jakob Schwab (2020)
The trade effects of environmental provisions in preferential trade agreements
in: Beverelli, Cosimo / Jürgen Kurz / Damian Raess (Eds.), International Trade, Investment, and the Sustainable Development Goals, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 111-139 - Brandi, Clara / Jakob Schwab / Axel Berger / Jean-Frédéric Morin (2020)
Do environmental provisions in trade agreements make exports from developing countries greener?
in: World Development 129 (May 2020), article 104899 - Berger, Axel / Andrew F. Cooper / Sven Grimm (2019)
A decade of G20 summitry: assessing the benefits, limitations and future of global club governance in turbulent times
in: South African Journal of International Affairs 26 (4), 493-504 - Blümer, Dominique / Jean-Frédéric Morin / Clara Brandi / Axel Berger (2019)
Environmental provisions in trade agreements: defending regulatory space or pursuing offensive interests?
in: Environmental Politics 29(5), 866-889 - Morin, Jean-Frédéric / Clara Brandi / Axel Berger (2019)
The multilateralization of PTAs’ environmental clauses: scenarios for the future?
in: Manfred Elsig / Michael Hahn / Gabriele Spilker (eds.), The shifting landscape of global trade governance, World Trade Forum, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 207-232 - Morin, Jean-Frédéric / Dominique Blümer / Clara Brandi / Axel Berger (2019)
Kick-starting diffusion: explaining the varying frequency of PTAs’ environmental clauses by their initial conditions
in: World Economy 42 (9), 2602-2628 - Berger, Axel / Karl P. Sauvant / Silvia Karina Fiezzoni / Rodrigo Polanco Lazo / Matthew Stephenson / Akihiko Tamura / Pavel Trunin (2018)
Moving the G20’s investment agenda forward
in: Transnational Corporations Review 10 (3), 262–267 - Berger, Axel / Julia Leininger / Dirk Messner (eds.) (2018)
The G20 in 2017: born in a financial crisis - lost in a global crisis?
in: Global Summitry 3 (2), 110-123 - Berger, Axel / Julia Leininger / Dirk Messner (2018)
Introduction: The G20 in 2017: born in a financial crisis - lost in a global crisis?
in: Global Summitry 3 (2), 110-123 - Berger, Axel / Simon Evenett (2018)
The Trump-induced G20 stress test on trade: did the German presidency pass?
in: Global Summitry 3 (2), 124-140 - Berger, Axel (2015)
Hesitant embrace: China’s recent approach to international investment rule-making
in: The Journal of World Investment & Trade 16 (5-6), 843 –868 - Brüntrup, Michael / Waltina Scheumann / Axel Berger / Lidija Christmann / Clara Brandi
(2014)
What can be expected from international frameworks to regulate large-scale land and water acquisitions in sub-Sahara Africa?
in: Law and Development Review 7 (2), 433-471 - Berger, Axel / Doris Fischer / Rasmus Lema / Hubert Schmitz / Frauke Urban (2013)
China–Europe relations in the mitigation of climate change: a conceptual framework
in: Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 42 (1), 71-98 - Lema, Rasmus / Axel Berger / Hubert Schmitz (2013)
China’s impact on the global wind power industry
in: Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 42 (1), 37–69 - Berger, Axel / Matthias Busse / Peter Nunnenkamp / Martin Roy (2013)
Do trade and investment agreements lead to more FDI? Accounting for key provisions inside the black box
in: International Economics and Economic Policy 10 (2), 247-275 - Berger, Axel / Matthias Busse / Peter Nunnenkamp / Martin Roy (2012)
Attracting FDI through BITs and RTAs: does treaty content matter?
in: Karl P. Sauvant / Jennifer Reimer (eds.), FDI Perspectives: issues in international investment, 2nd ed. (Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment November 2012), 155-156 - Berger, Axel et al. (2011)
More stringent BITs, less ambiguous effects on FDI? Not a bit!
in: Economics Letters 112/2011, 270-272 - Berger, Axel (2011)
The politics of China's investment treaty-making-programm
in: Tomer Broude / Marc L. Busch / Amelia Porges (eds.), The politics of international economic law, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Pr., 162-185
Non-refereed Publications
- Berger, Axel / Mashayekhi, Mina / Smeets, Maarten (2025)
Development perspectives of the Investment Facilitation for Development Agreement
Columbia FDI Perspectives (406), New York: Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment - Akman, Sait / Axel Berger / Carlos Primo Braga / Andreas Freytag / Stormy-Annika Mildner / Claudia Schmucker / Maarten Smeets (2024)
Trade and the environmental poly-crisis: making the World Trade Organization fit to better deal with trade and environment
T20 Brasil, Task Force 6 (Strengthening Multilateralism and Global Governance), Policy Brief - von Geibler, Justus / Katharina Gröne / Toni Gnanko / Sarah Löpelt / Christa Liedtke (unter Mitarbeit von Jean-Henri Huttarsch / Axel Berger / Mark Lawrence / Kim Paczkowski / Stephan Ramesohl (2024)
Ökologische Plattformökonomie: politische Gestaltungsoptionen für nachhaltigen Konsum und Verbraucher:innenschutz by Design
Ergebnisse des DNS-Labs der wpn2030 in Kooperation mit dem Wuppertal Institut vom 29. November 2023, Potsdam: Wissenschaftsplattform Nachhaltigkeit 2030 - Berger, Axel / Grayson Fuller/ Jorge Gómez-Paredes / Sarah Löpelt / Tabea Waltenberg (2024)
New forms of International partnerships to reduce negative spillover effects in support of global sustainability
T20 Brasil, Task Force 6 (Strengthening Multilateralism and Global Governance), Policy Brief - von Haaren, Paula / Ariel Macaspac Hernandez / Axel Berger (2024)
The EU’s support for the global Sustainable Development Agenda: how to accelerate progress until 2030
in: Christine Hackenesch / Niels Keijzer / Svea Koch (eds.), The European Union’s global role in a changing world: challenges and opportunities for the new leadership, Bonn: German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), 66-69 - Berger, Axel / Ali Dadkhah / Florian Gitt / Zoryana Olekseyuk / Jakob Schwab (2024)
The Investment Facilitation Index (IFI): quantifying domestic investment facilitation frameworks
Geneva: International Trade Centre - Berger, Axel / Ali Dadkhah / Florian Gitt / Zoryana Olekseyuk (2023)
The updated Investment Facilitation Index
Bonn: German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS) - Akman, Sait M. / Bozkurt Aran / Axel Berger et al. (2023)
Reforming the WTO through inclusive and development-friendly approaches: how to make plurilateral initiatives work for all
in DGAP Policy Brief No. 26 - Berger, Axel / Sören Hilbrich / Gabriele Köhler / Yannik Sudermann (2023)
The implementation of the G7 and G20 gender equality goals in Germany. Update 2023
Berlin: Deutscher Frauenrat - Berger, Axel / Anna-Katharina Hornidge (2023)
A decade of T20 and its contributions
in: Tetsushi Sonobe / Nicolas J. A. Buchoud / Riznaldi Akbar et al. (eds.), A World in Crisis, a World in Progress: Growing Better Together: Lessons from a Decade of Think20, Tokio: Asian Development Bank Institute, 30-35 - Berger, Axel / Leonie Maria Droste / Linda Lütkes / Tabea Waltenberg (2023)
Overcoming negative spillover effects: the G20's role in support of global sustainability
in: Global Solutions Journal 9, 82-89 - Berger, Axel / Ann-Margret Bolmer / Florian Gitt / Zoryana Olekseyuk / Marius Metz / Guillaume Robardet / Julia Schäfer / Marie-Lisa Schneider / Frank Schönberg (2023)
Implementation of the WTO Investment Facilitation for Development Agreement: identification of reform needs and development policy measures
(Policy Brief 7/2023) - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2023)
Think tank networks: research-based recommendations for action for the G7 and G20
in: Annual Report 2021-2022 - German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), 39-43 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2023)
Think-Tank-Netzwerke: wissenschaftsbasierte Handlungsempfehlungen für G7 und G20
in: Jahresbericht 2021-2022 - German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), 39-43 - Berger, Axel / Ann-Margret Bolmer / Zoryana Olekseyuk (2022)
Implementing an investment facilitation for development agreement: how to self-assess implementation gaps and technical assistance needs
Geneva: International Trade Centre - Berger, Axel / Alexandros Ragoussis (2022)
Is foreign direct investment losing clout in development?
(Briefing Paper 2/2022) - Berger, Axel / Yardenne Kagan / Karl P. Sauvant (eds.) (2022)
Investment facilitation for development: a toolkit for policymakers
Geneva: International Trade Centre (ITC), 2nd edition - Beisheim, Marianne / Axel Berger / Lars Brozus / Adolf Kloke-Lesch / Ronja Scheler / Silke Weinlich (2022)
The G7 and multilateralism in times of aggression: Maintaining and strengthening cooperative and inclusive approaches for the global common good
in: T7 Task Force International cooperation for the global common good (March 2022) - Berger, Axel (2022)
What foreign investors want: findings from an investor survey of investment facilitation measures in Latin America and the Caribbean
Geneva: International Trade Centre (ITC) - Kloke-Lesch, Adolf / Axel Berger (2022)
Deutsche G7-Präsidentschaft: Ambition in schwierigem Umfeld
in: Welternährung (02/2022), 17.02.2022 - Akman, M. Sait / Bozkurt Aran / Axel Berger et al. (2021)
Making plurilateral initiatives work for all: reforming the WTO through inclusive and development-friendly approaches
in: Task Force 7: Towards Reformed Multilateralism: Transforming Global Institutions and Frameworks - Berger, Axel / Ali Dadkhah / Zoryana Olekseyuk (2021)
Adoption of investment facilitation measures for development
published on iap.unido.org, 10.10.2021 - Berger, Axel / Ali Dadkhah / Zoryana Olekseyuk (2021)
Quantifying investment facilitation at country level: introducing a new index
(Discussion Paper 23/2021) - Akman, Mehmet Sait / Axel Berger / Fabricio Botti et al. (2021)
Boosting G20 cooperation for WTO reform: leveraging the full potential of plurilateral initiatives
in: Task Force 3: Trade Investment and Growth - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2021)
WTO reform: the role of the G20
in: Ettore Greco / Fabrizio Botti / Nicola Bilotta (Hrsg.), Global governance at a turning point. The role of the G20, Rom: Edizioni Nuova Cultura, 39-69 - Berger, Axel / Imme Scholz / Anna-Katharina Hornidge / Sait Akman / Jann Lay / Gustavo Martinez / Stormy Mildner / Amrita Narlikar / Andrea Ordóñez / Claudia Schmucker / Elizabeth Sidiropoulos / Sébastien Treyer (2021)
Proposals to make the T20 a more impactful, effective, and continuous think tank process
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) - Berger, Axel / Karl Sauvant (2021)
Investment facilitation for development: a toolkit for policymakers
Genf: International Trade Centre - Berger, Axel / Manjiao, Chi (2021)
The EU-China comprehensive agreement on investment: stuck half-way?
in: Columbia FDI Perspectives (No. 299) - Leininger, Julia / Christoph Strupat / Yonas Adeto / Abebe Shimeles / Wilson Wasike (2021)
The COVID-19 pandemic and structural transformation in Africa: evidence for action
(Discussion Paper 11/2021) - Brandi, Clara / Axel Berger / Aaron Cosbey / Susanne Dröge / Manfred Elsig / Ilaria Espa / Jean-Frédéric Morin (2020)
Trade and climate change: a key agenda for the G20
T20 Saudi Arabia, Task Force 7 (G20 Support for SDGs and Development Cooperation), Policy Brief - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi / Frederik Stender / Edward K. Brown / Philomena Apiko / Sean Woolfrey (2020)
Advancing EU-Africa cooperation in light of the African Continental Free Trade Area
Brussels: European Think Tank Group (September 2020) - Ndung’u, Njuguna / Axel Berger / Clara Brandi / Uri Dadush / Fatima Olanike Kareem / Olayinka Idowu Kareem / David Luke / Simon Mevel / Rim Ben Ayed Mouelhi / Abebe Shimeles / Frederik Stender / Wilson Wasike (2020)
Africa’s diversification and its trade policy transformation
T20 Saudi Arabia, Task Force (Trade, Investment, and Growth), Policy Brief - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi / Manfred Elsig / Anwarul Hoda / Xinquan Tu (2020)
Improving key functions of the World Trade Organization: fostering open plurilaterals, regime management and decision-making
T20 Saudi Arabia, Task Force (Trade, Investment, and Growth), Policy Brief - Berger, Axel / Dominique Blümer / Clara Brandi / Manjiao Chi (2020)
Towards greening trade? Environmental provisions in emerging markets’ preferential trade agreements
in: Negi, Archna / Jorge Antonio Pérez-Pineda / Johannes Blankenbach (Eds.), Sustainability Standards and Global Governance, Singapore: Springer, 61-81 - Bauer, Steffen / Axel Berger / Gabriela Iacobuta (2020)
With or without you: how the G20 could advance global action toward climate-friendly sustainable development
in: Global Solutions Journal (2020/5), 115-121 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi / Frederik Stender (2020)
Das EU-Mercosur-Abkommen: Chancen und Risiken für eine nachhaltigere EU-Handelspolitik
Schriftliche Anhörung von Sachverständigen zum Antrag der Fraktion BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN, Drucksache 17/7370 - Stender, Frederik / Axel Berger / Clara Brandi / Jakob Schwab (2020)
The trade effects of the Economic Partnership Agreements between the European Union and the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States: early empirical insights from panel data
(Discussion Paper 7/2020) - Berger, Axel / Sören Hilbrich / Gabriele Köhler (2020)
The implementation of the G7 and G20 gender equality goals in Germany
(Discussion Paper 5/2020) - Berger, Axel (2020)
The EU-China investment agreement negotiations: rationale, motivations, and contentious issues
in: Li, Yuwen / Tong Qi / Cheng Bian (eds.), China, the EU and international investment law: reforming investor-state dispute settlement, Abington: Routledge, 11-25 - Axel Berger / Sebastian Gsell / Zoryana Olekseyuk (2020)
Investment Facilitation für nachhaltige Entwicklung: ein neuer Ansatz für internationale Investitionspolitik
(Analysen und Stellungnahmen 1/2020) - Berger, Axel (2019)
Nachhaltigkeit in globalen Wertschöpfungsketten: längst kein schmückendes Beiwerk, sondern ein Muss
in: Audit Committee Quarterly 4/2019, 33-35 - Berger, Axel (2019)
Globale Wertschöpfung, globale Verantwortung? Nachhaltigkeit in globalen Wertschöpfungsketten
Berlin: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e. V. - Berger, Axel / Sebastian Gsell (2019)
How can an international framework for investment facilitation contribute to sustainable development?
(Briefing Paper 15/2019) - Berger, Axel (2019)
G20 Summit in Osaka: the drought years of international cooperation
in: Diplomatisches Magazin 6/2019, 44-47 - Berger, Axel (2019)
Der G20-Gipfel in Osaka: die Dürrejahre internationaler Kooperation
in: Diplomatisches Magazin 6/2019, 44-47 - Bauer, Steffen / Axel Berger / Gabriela Iacobuta (2019)
With or without you: how the G20 could advance global action towards climate-friendly sustainable development
(Briefing Paper 10/2019) - Berger, Axel / Sebastian Gsell / Zoryana Olekseyuk (2019)
Investment facilitation for development: a new route to global investment governance
(Briefing Paper 5/2019) - Berger, Axel (2019)
The political economy of Chinese investment treaties
in: Ka Zeng (ed.), Handbook on the international political economy of China, Cheltenham/Northhampton: Elgar, 151-168 - Nakagawa, Junji / Sait Akman / Axel Berger / Eduardo Bianchi / Manjiao Chi / Uri Dadush / Jean Dong / Gabriel Felbermayr / Andreas Freytag / Anabel Gonzalez / Bernard Hoekman / David Laborde / Sandra Rios / Sabyasachi Saha / Claudia Schmucker / Akihiko Ta (2019)
Reinvigorating the WTO as a negotiating forum
T20 Japan, Task Force 8 (Trade, Investment and Globalization), Policy Brief (March 2019) - Berger, Axel / Ahmad Ghouri / Tomoko Ishikawa / Karl P. Sauvant / Matthew Stephenson (2019)
Towards G20 guiding principles on investment facilitation for sustainable development
T20 Japan, Task Force 8 (Trade, Investment and Globalization), Policy Brief (March 2019) - Evenett, Simon J. / Sait Akman / Axel Berger / Eduardo Bianchi / Carlos Primo Braga / Marcela Cristini7 Kamala Dawar / Matthias Helble / Galina Kolev / Jurgen Matthes / Maximilian Mendez-Parra / Claudia Schmucker / Johannes Schwarzer / Aki Tamura / Tu Xin (2018)
Mend it, don't end it: the case for upgrading the G20's pledge on protectionism
published on T20 Argentina 2018 - Meléndez-Ortiz, Ricardo / Axel Berger / Wallace S. Cheng / Santiago Díaz de Sarralde Miguez / Christian von Haldenwang / Tobias Hentze / Lucia Tajoli / Akihiko Tamura / Wei Wenfang (2018)
New industrial revolution: upgrading trade and investment frameworks for digitalization
published on T20 Argentina 2018 - Berger, Axel / Karl P. Sauvant / Silvia Karina Fiezzoni / Rodrigo Polanco / Matthew Stephenson / Akihiko Tamura / Pavel Trunin (2018)
Moving the G20’s investment agenda forward
published on T20 Argentina 2018 - Berger, Axel (2018)
What’s next for the investment facilitation agenda?
Columbia FDI Perspectives 224 (Perspectives on topical foreign direct investment 224), New York: Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi / Dominique Bruhn (2017)
Environmental provisions in trade agreements: promises at the trade and environment interface
(Briefing Paper 16/2017) - Berger, Axel / Claudia Schmucker (2017)
Bye-bye America, Konnichiwa Japan
published on Handelsblatt Global 13.07.2017 - Berger, Axel (2017)
Showdown in Hamburg
published on Diplomatisches Magazin 01.06.2017 - Berger, Axel (2017)
Showdown in Hamburg
published on Diplomatisches Magazin 01.06.2017 - Berger, Axel / Dominique Bruhn (2017)
Vietnam’s preferential trade agreements: implications for GVC participation and upgrading
in: Claire H. Hollweg / Tanya Smith / Daria Taglioni (eds.), Vietnam at a crossroads: engaging in the next generation of global value chains, Washington, D.C.: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, 81-98 - Akman, M. Sait / Axel Berger / Uri Dadush / Simon Evenett / Lise Johnson / Maximiliano Mendez-Parra / Raul Ochoa / Claudia Schmucker (2017)
Key policy options for the G20 in 2017 to support an open and inclusive trade and investment system
published on G20 Insights March 31, 2017 - Neligan, Adriana / Axel Berger / Clara Brandi / Diego Navarro / Fernando Blumenschein / Isabel Jandeisek / Johannes Blankenbach / Josef Wieland / Joshua Wickerham / Lise Johnson / Philipp Harms / Uri Dadush (2017)
Fostering the sustainability of Global Value Chains (GVCs)
published on G20 Insights March 28, 2017 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi / Dominique Bruhn / Manjiao Chi (2017)
Towards “greening” trade? Tracking environmental provisions in the preferential trade agreements of emerging markets
(Discussion Paper 2/2017) - Berger, Axel / Dominique Bruhn / Andrea Bender / Julia Friesen / Katharina Kick / Felix Kullmann / Robert Roßner / Svenja Weyrauch (2016)
Deep preferential trade agreements and upgrading in global value chains: the case of Vietnam
(Studies 92) - Berger, Axel (2016)
A multilateral investment agreement: a road to nowhere?
in: G20 Hangzhou Summit 2016: proposals for trade, investment, and sustainable development outcomes, Geneva: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development (ICTSD), 63-70 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2016)
Die G20 und die Zukunft des Welthandelssystems
(Analysen und Stellungnahmen 7/2016) - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2016)
The G20 and the future of the global trading system
(Briefing Paper 10/2016) - Dieter, Heribert / Rolf J. Langhammer / Marc Bungenberg / Andreas Freytag / Catherine Grant Makokera / Axel Berger / Clara Brandi (2016)
After the WTO conference in Nairobi: what is the future of the World Trade Organisation?
in: ifo Schnelldienst 69 (5), 3-17 - Dieter, Heribert / Rolf J. Langhammer / Marc Bungenberg / Andreas Freytag / Catherine Grant Makokera / Axel Berger / Clara Brandi (2016)
Die WTO-Ministerkonferenz in Nairobi: das Ende der Welthandelsorganisation oder der Aufbruch in eine neue Ära?
in: ifo Schnelldienst 69 (5), 3-17 - Berger, Axel (2015)
Developing countries and the future of the international investment regime
Bonn: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH - Berensmann, Kathrin / Axel Berger / Clara Brandi (2015)
Post-2015: Die 2030-Agenda für nachhaltige Entwicklung braucht adäquate weltwirtschaftliche Rahmenbedingungen
(Analysen und Stellungnahmen 11/2015) - Berger, Axel (2015)
Finanzierung globaler Entwicklung: Können Internationale Investitionsabkommen ausländische Direktinvestitionen erhöhen?
(Analysen und Stellungnahmen 8/2015) - Clara Brandi / Axel Berger / Dominique Bruhn (2015)
Between minilateralism and multilateralism: opportunities and risks of pioneer alliances in international trade and climate politics
(Briefing Paper 16/2015) - Brandi, Clara / Axel Berger / Dominique Bruhn (2015)
Zwischen Minilateralismus und Multilateralismus: Chancen und Risiken von Vorreiterallianzen in der internationalen Handels- und Klimapolitik
(Analysen und Stellungnahmen 7/2015) - Berensmann, Kathrin / Axel Berger / Clara Brandi (2015)
Post 2015: the need for an enabling global economic governance framework
(Briefing Paper 15/2015) - Berger, Axel (2015)
Financing global development: Can foreign direct investments be increased through international investment agreements?
(Briefing Paper 9/2015) - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2015)
What should development policy actors do about the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)?
(Briefing Paper 1/2015) - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2015)
Die Transatlantische Handels- und Investitionspartnerschaft (TTIP): was sollte die Entwicklungspolitik tun?
(Analysen und Stellungnahmen 1/2015) - Brandi, Clara / Axel Berger (2014)
TTIP : opportunities and risks for global development
in: Annual Report 2013-2014: 50 years of building bridges between research and practice, Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), 40-43 - Brandi, Clara / Axel Berger (2014)
TTIP : Chancen und Risiken für globale Entwicklung
in: Jahresbericht 2013-2014: 50 Jahre Brücken bauen zwischen Theorie und Praxis, Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), 40-43 - Knörich, Jan / Axel Berger (2014)
Friends or foes? Interactions between Indonesia’s international investment agreements and national investment law
(Studies 82) - Berger, Axel (2014)
EU-China bilateral investment agreement negotiations
in: EURObiz Journal of the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China, May/June 2014, 11-13 - Messner, Dirk / Axel Berger / Carmen Richerzhagen (2013)
Neue Paradigmen der Entwicklungspolitik: Urbanisierung im Zeitalter des Klimawandel
in: Dirk Messner / Armin Frey / Thomas Jäger / Manfred Fischedick / Thomas Hartmann-Wendels (Hrsg.), Globalisierungsgestaltung und internationale Übereinkommen, Wiesbaden: Springer, VS, 59-98 - Berger, Axel (2013)
Investment rules in Chinese PTIAs: a partial “NAFTA-ization” reintegration
in: Rainer Hofmann / Stephan Schill / Christian Tams (eds.), Preferential trade and investment agreements: from recalibration to reintegration, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verl.-Ges., 297-333 - Berger, Axel (2013)
The futile debate over a multilateral framework for investment
published on Columbia FDI Perspectives 102 - Berger, Axel (2013)
Do we really need a multilateral investment agreement?
(Briefing Paper 9/2013) - Berger, Axel (2013)
Brauchen wir wirklich ein multilaterales Investitionsabkommen?
(Analysen und Stellungnahmen 2/2013) - Berger, Axel (2013)
Investment rules in Chinese preferential trade and investment agreements: is China following the global trend towards comprehensive agreements?
(Discussion Paper 7/2013) - Lema, Rasmus / Axel Berger / Hubert Schmitz (2012)
China’s impact on the global wind power industry
(Discussion Paper 16/2012) - Berger, Axel / Julia Harten (2012)
Welche Chancen bieten die neuen internationalen Investitionsabkommen der EU für Entwicklungsländer?
(Analysen und Stellungnahmen 10/2012) - Berger, Axel / Julia Harten (2012)
What opportunities do the New EU international investment agreements offer for developing countries?
(Briefing Paper 12/2012) - Berger, Axel / Deborah Brautigam / Philipp Baumgartner (2011)
Why are we so critical of China’s engagement in Africa?
in: Thomas Fues / LIU Youfa (eds.), Global governance and building a harmonious world: a comparison of European and Chinese concepts for international affairs (Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) , Studies 62), 189-194 - Berger, Axel et al. (2010)
Do trade and investment agreements lead to more FDI? Accounting for key provisions inside the black box
Kiel Working Papers 1647 - Berger, Axel (2010)
Der Blick nach draußen: verbesserte Durchsetzungsfähigkeit von Marktzugangsrechten in China nach Lissabon?
in: Marc Bungenberg / Jörn Griebel / Steffen Hindelang (Hrsg.), Internationaler Investitonsschutz und Europarecht, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verl.-Ges., 201-210 - Berger, Axel (2010)
China’s new bilateral investment treaty programme: substance, rational and implications for international investment law making
in: Chinese Journal of International Economic Law 17 (1) - Berger, Axel et al. (2010)
More stringent BITs, less ambiguous effects on FDI? Not a bit!
Kiel: Kiel Institute for the World Economy (Working Papers 1621) auch erschienen als: WTO Staff Working Paper ERSD-2010-10 http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/reser_e/ersd201010_e.pdf - Berger, Axel / Thomas Fues (2010)
The Global Governance School: laying the foundations for dialogue and cooperation in a changing world
in: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) : Annual Report 2009-2010, 54-55 - Berger, Axel / Thomas Fues (2010)
Welt im Wandel: die Global Governance School legt Grundlagen für Dialog und Kooperation
in: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) : Jahresbericht 2009-2010, 54-55 - Berger, Axel (2008)
China and the global governance of foreign direct investment
(Discussion Paper 10/2008)
Opinion Pieces
- Berger, Axel / Zoryana Olekseyuk (2025)
Investment Facilitation for Development: what Should FfD4 Deliver?
published on blogs.idos-research.de, 07.04.2025 - Hornidge, Anna-Katharina / Axel Berger (2025)
Policy for a rules-based multipolar world
Bonn: German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), The Current Column of 24 February 2025 - Hornidge, Anna-Katharina / Axel Berger (2024)
From the Summit of the Future to the Hamburg Sustainability Conference
Bonn: German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), The Current Column of 30 September 2024 - Hornidge, Anna-Katharina / Axel Berger (2024)
60 years of research, policy advice and training at IDOS
Bonn: German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), The Current Column of 11 March 2024 - Berger, Axel / Zoryana Olekseyuk (2024)
Investment Facilitation for Development: what’s at stake at the 13th Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization?
published on blogs.idos-research.de, 23.02.2024 - Wisskirchen, Alma / Axel Berger (2023)
Paving the way for the SDG Summit?
Bonn: German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), The Current Column of 4 September 2023 - Altenburg, Tilman / Axel Berger/ Clara Brandi (2023)
The global race to subsidise green technologies
Bonn: German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), The Current Column of 17 April 2023 - Berger, Axel (2023)
Reformiert die Weltbank!
in: Frankfurter Rundschau, 17.03.2023 - Berger, Axel (2023)
More inspiration on the sustainability front, please!
Bonn: German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), The Current Column of 16 January 2023 - Berger, Axel (2022)
Keeping global sustainability in mind
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), The Current Column of 20 June 2022 - Kloke-Lesch, Adolf / Axel Berger (2022)
Deutsche G7-Präsidentschaft: Ambition in schwierigem Umfeld
in: Welternährung (02/2022), 17.02.2022 - Berger, Axel / Sven Grimm (2021)
Promoting a green and just recovery - leveraging the potential of G20 and G7 cooperation
published on blogs.die-gdi.de, 27.10.2021 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi / Jakob Schwab / Frederik Stender (2021)
The jury is still out on the economic partnership agreements
published on jcms.ideasoneurope.eu, 16.08.2021 - Keijzer, Niels / Clara Brandi / Axel Berger / Frederik Stender (2020)
Why Germany should give high priority to supporting the African Continental Free Trade Area during the EU Council Presidency
German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), The Current Column of 7 September 2020 - Berger, Axel (2020)
International economic cooperation: the G7 as a bridge-builder
published on www.ispionline.it, 10.06.2020 - Berger, Axel / Andrew Cooper / Sven Grimm (2020)
After one decade of G20 summitry: what future of global club governance in turbulent times?
published on blogs.die-gdi.de 23. Januar 2020 - Grimm, Sven / Axel Berger (2019)
The year ahead in 2019: think local when acting globally
published on International Development Blog, 09.01.2019 - Berger, Axel / Sven Grimm / Matthew Oxenford / Stephen Pickford / Ye Yu (2018)
The G20 @ 10 conference: assessing the benefits, limitations and the future of global club governance in turbulent times
published on blogs.die-gdi.de 19. November 2018 - Berger, Axel / Sven Grimm (2018)
T20 - cooperation to overcome the challenges to multilateralism?
published on blogs.die-gdi.de 19. September 2018 - Berger, Axel / Sven Grimm (2018)
The G20 after the Buenos Aires Summit: it's still relevant!
published on blogs.die-gdi.de 5. Dezember 2018 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2018)
The G20 summit and the future of the World Trade Organization
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), (The Current Column of 3 December 2018) - Brandi, Clara / Axel Berger (2018)
Was bedeutet Trumps America-first-Handelspolitik für den globalen Süden?
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung - Sauvant, Karl P. / Axel Berger (2018)
Putting FDI on the G20 Agenda
published on www.project-syndicate.org Aug 3, 2018 - Berger, Axel (2018)
Handelspolitik: auf wackligen Füßen
in: Frankfurter Rundschau 14.02.2018 - Berger, Axel (2018)
How will they impact developing countries?
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), The Current Column of 23 March 2018 - Berger, Axel (2017)
The future of multilateralism is at stake
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE), The Current Column of 11 December 2017 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2017)
We only have one planet – quo vadis environmental protection in trade agreements?
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (The Current Column of 25 September 2017) - Berger, Axel (2017)
What remains of the G20 Hamburg Summit?
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (Die aktuelle Kolumne vom 10.07.2017) - von Weizsäcker, Franz / Axel Berger / Clara Brandi (2017)
Trade policy in the digital age
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (The Current Column of 3 April 2017) - Berger, Axel (2017)
The G20 Foreign Ministers‘ Meeting: Rebuilding the Social Fabric of International Cooperation
Published on: T20blog, 23.02.2017 - Berger, Axel (2017)
The role of the G20 in fostering multilateralism
Published on: T20blog, 22.02.2017 - Berger, Axel (2017)
G20 Engagement Groups call for Open and Inclusive Societies
Published on: T20blog, 15.02.2017 - Berger, Axel (2017)
The G20 and Africa
Published on: T20blog, 31.01.2017 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2017)
Is world trade facing a spiral into isolationism?
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (The Current Column of 19 January 2017) - Berger, Axel / Hugh Jorgensen (2016)
Introducing the T20 blog – how to get engaged
Published on: T20blog, 03.11.2016 - Brandi, Clara / Axel Berger (2016)
Chancen für die Benachteiligten
published on Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung 8.9.2016 - Berger, Axel / Peter Wolff (2016)
G20-Gipfel in Hangzhou – was ist zu erwarten?
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (Die aktuelle Kolumne vom 02.09.2016) - Berger, Axel / Henning Klodt (2016)
CETA and investment protection reform: winds of change or gentle breeze?
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (The Current Column of 7 March 2016) - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2015)
Welthandel im Umbruch
in: Neue Zürcher Zeitung 21.11.2015, 1 - Berger, Axel (2015)
TTIP and investment protection: reason for failure or impetus for reform?
published on Cato Online Forum October 2015 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2015)
Das Pazifikbündnis setzt die EU unter Druck
published on Zeit online 14. Oktober 2015 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2015)
TPP blazes a trail: how should the EU respond?
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (The Current Column of 14 October 2015) - Berger, Axel / Dominique Bruhn (2015)
Global economic integration at all costs?
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (The Current Column of 27 July 2015) - Berger, Axel (2015)
European trade policy at an impasse
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (The Current Column of 2 March 2015) - Berger, Axel (2015)
Im Hintertreffen
in: Frankfurter Rundschau 24. Februar 2015 - Berger, Axel / Lauge N. Skovgaard Poulsen
(2015)
The transatlantic trade and investment partnership, investor-state dispute settlement and China
New York: Columbia Center of Sustainable Investment (FDI Perspectives 140) - Berger, Axel (2014)
The consequences of a crumbling TTIP
published on www.euractive.com, 19.12.2014 - Berger, Axel (2014)
What if TTIP fails?
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (The Current Column of 1 December 2014) - Brandi, Clara / Axel Berger (2014)
TTIP: Implikationen des Abkommens für Drittländer
published on Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung (Blogbeitrag) - Berger, Axel (2014)
The case for an EU-China investment treaty
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (Die aktuelle Kolumne, 10.06.2014) - Berger, Axel (2014)
Comment: why an EU-China investment agreement would not be such a bad thing
published on Borderlex - Berger, Axel (2014)
Weniger ist mehr
in: Frankfurter Rundschau 5. März 2014, 10 - Berger, Axel (2014)
The transatlantic free trade agreement – the dispute over dispute settlement
German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) (The Current Column of 4 March 2014). - Berger, Axel (2013)
Wem nützt das EU-China-Investitionsabkommen?
in: Neue Züricher Zeitung, 21.11.2013, 23 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi / Julia Kubny (2013)
What are the implications of the planned US-EU free trade agreement for developing countries?
published on KfW Development Research (Development in Brief 18) - Berger, Axel (2013)
The real significance of a China-EU investment treaty
published on Caixin Online, 15.10.2013 - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi / Julia Kubny (2013)
Welche Folgen hat das geplante Freihandelsabkommen zwischen USA und EU für Entwicklungsländer?
published on Entwicklungspolitik Kompakt 18 (14. Oktober 2013) - Berger, Axel / Clara Brandi (2013)
Das Ende von Doha
in: Handelsblatt 8.7.2013, 17 - Berger, Axel (2013)
Investment treaties and the search for market access in China
in: Investment Treaty News 4 (3), 8-9 - Berger, Axel (2008)
China's new bilateral investment treaty programme: substance, rational and implications for international investment law making
Conference "The politics of international economic law: the next four years, Washington D.C., November 14-15 - Berger, Axel (2008)
Sino-African Bilateral Investment Treaties: Implications for Economic Development
Paper presented at the 12th EADI General Conference "Global Governance for Sustainable Development : The Need for Policy Coherence and New Partnerships", 24-28 June 2008, Geneva. - Berger, Axel / Walter Kahlenborn (2007)
Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung von Unternehmen: status quo Report Deutschland 2007
Berlin: Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit - Berger, Axel / Anna Brüderle (2004)
Schöne neue Wissens-Welt? Eine empirische Untersuchung über die Stellung der Entwicklungsländer im globalen Wettbewerb um Wissen
Bonn: German Development Institute / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
Projects
- SDSN Germany-Projekt: Wissenschaftsplattform Nachhaltigkeit 2030
- Research Network “Sustainable Global Supply Chains”
- Fair Globalisation
- Fair Globalisation II
- Investment Facilitation for Sustainable Development
- Social cohesion in Africa
- Implementation of a future WTO investment facilitation agreement: Identification of reform needs and development policy measures
- Investment Facilitation for Development
- Investment Facilitation for Development
- Bilateral and regional trade and investment agreements
- Regionalism – Opportunities and Challenges
- Deep Preferential Trade Agreements and Upgrading in Global Value Chains: Evidence from Vietnam
- Reframing international rules for foreign direct investment
- The Impact of Emerging Power: China-EU cooperation and global governance
Highlight
Investment Facilitation for Development: What Should FfD4 Deliver?
Berger, Axel / Zoryana Olekseyuk (2025)
published on blogs.idos-research.de, 7 April 2025
Highlight
The making of an International Investment Facilitation Framework: legal, political and economic perspectives
Berger, Axel / Manjiao Chi (eds.) (2025)
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Highlight
Policy for a rules-based multipolar world
Hornidge, Anna-Katharina / Axel Berger (2025)
The Current Column of 24 February 2025
Highlight
Why “South”/“North” framings are not useful in a shifting world order
Hornidge, Anna-Katharina / Axel Berger (2023)
in: CEBRI Journal 2 (8), 217-237
Highlight
The updated Investment Facilitation Index
Berger, Axel / Ali Dadkhah / Florian Gitt / Zoryana Olekseyuk (2023)
Research Data